Objective
This article provides an overview of statistical mediation analysis methods in the evaluation of public health dentistry interventions.

Methods and Results
First, reasons for conducting mediation analysis are outlined, followed by a discussion of the link between the mediation model and theoretical bases of interventions. Second, the basic statistical procedures in mediation analysis are presented. An example application to data from a hypothetical intervention is provided in . Third, interpretation of the results from statistical mediation analysis is described along with additional information pertinent to identifying true mediation relations.

Conclusions
Guidelines for describing mediation analyses in research articles related to public health dentistry intervention studies are outlined.